Reader 17
Why Instructions Need More Than Words
Instructions need more than words because people need to understand how to use the information. A direction may sound clear, but the listener may still not know where to start, what to avoid, or what the final result should look like. For example, “Organize these files” is an instruction, but it does not explain the system, order, or deadline. The listener may complete the task in a way that makes sense personally, but not in the way the speaker expected. The words were given, but the expectations were not clear.
Strong instructions include details that guide action. They may include examples, steps, time limits, or a description of the final result. These details help the listener understand not only what to do, but how to do it well. However, the listener also has a role. If something is unclear, the listener should ask a question before the task goes wrong. Clear instructions are built through both speaking and checking. Words begin the process, but understanding completes it.
VOCABULARY
Write the words or expressions from the article that are new to you or that you want to review.
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS
Share your thoughts.Use details from the article to support your answers.
How could someone follow the instruction “Organize these files” and still disappoint the speaker? Explain what this example reveals about the difference between giving a task and communicating expectations.
How do the details suggested in the second paragraph address the weaknesses in the file-organizing instruction? Choose two types of details and explain how each would guide the listener’s actions.
What does the final sen tence, “Words begin the process, but understanding completes it,” suggest about shared responsibility? Explain how both the speaker and the listener contribute to a successful result.
LISTEN
Listen to the recording and respond.
What did the speaker say?
How do you respond to the speaker’s opinion?
Use the reading to support your response.
